-- High-Speed Numerical Calculation in Pure Lua
local function calculate_hypotenuse(a, b)
    -- Local variables map directly to virtual VM register indices!
    local a_sq = a * a
    local b_sq = b * b
    return math.sqrt(a_sq + b_sq)
end

print("Hypotenuse: " .. calculate_hypotenuse(3.0, 4.0))

-- Robust Prototype-Based Class Pattern in Lua
local BankAccount = {}
BankAccount.__index = BankAccount

function BankAccount.new(account_id, initial_balance)
    local self = setmetatable({}, BankAccount)
    self.account_id = account_id
    self.balance = initial_balance or 0.0
    return self
end

function BankAccount:deposit(amount)
    assert(amount > 0, "Deposit amount must be positive")
    self.balance = self.balance + amount
    return self.balance
end

function BankAccount:withdraw(amount)
    assert(amount <= self.balance, "Insufficient funds")
    self.balance = self.balance - amount
    return self.balance
end

local ffi = require("ffi")

-- Declare Native C Structs in LuaJIT FFI (Zero boxing or table overhead!)
ffi.cdef[[
    typedef struct {
        double x;
        double y;
        double z;
    } Vector3D;
    
    double gettimeofday(void *tv, void *tz);
]]

-- Allocating 1,000,000 flat C structs in memory!
local points = ffi.new("Vector3D[1000000]")
for i = 0, 999999 do
    points[i].x = i * 1.5
    points[i].y = i * 2.5
    points[i].z = i * 3.5
end

print("First Point X: " .. points[0].x)

# OpenResty Nginx Configuration (Serving 100,000+ RPS via LuaJIT!)
http {
    lua_shared_dict cache_dict 100m; # Shared memory across all worker processes!

    server {
        listen 8080 reuseport;

        location /api/v1/auth {
            content_by_lua_block {
                local cjson = require("cjson.safe")
                local cache = ngx.shared.cache_dict
                
                local token = ngx.var.http_authorization
                if not token then
                    ngx.status = 401
                    ngx.say(cjson.encode({ error = "Missing Authorization Header" }))
                    return ngx.exit(401)
                end
                
                -- Instantaneous in-memory lookup across worker threads
                local user_data = cache:get(token)
                ngx.status = 200
                ngx.say(cjson.encode({ status = "AUTHORIZED", data = user_data }))
            }
        }
    }
}

-- High-Throughput Token Bucket Rate Limiter in Redis Lua (Atomic Execution!)
local key = KEYS[1]
local limit = tonumber(ARGV[1])
local current = redis.call('INCR', key)

if current == 1 then
    redis.call('EXPIRE', key, 60) -- 60 second rolling window
end

if current > limit then
    return 0 -- Throttled
else
    return 1 -- Allowed
end